GRACE ANSWERS 16


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Captivity Captive and Gifts to Men

  • QUESTION: I would appreciate your comments on the meaning of Ephesians 4:8-10. I'm particulary interested in Paul's quote from Psalm 68:18: "When He ascended up on high, He led captivity captive, and gave gifts unto men."

  • ANSWER: Ephesians 4 is about Unity in the Body of Christ.

    "As a prisoner for the Lord, then, I urge you to live a life worthy of the calling you have received. Be completely humble and gentle; be patient, bearing with one another in love. Make every effort to keep the unity of the Spirit through the bond of peace. There is one body and one Spirit--just as you were called to one hope when you were called--one Lord, one faith, one baptism; one God and Father of all, who is over all and through all and in all."

    Paul then writes:

    "But to each one of us grace has been given as Christ apportioned it. This is why it says: 'When he ascended on high, he led captives in his train and gave gifts to men.' (What does 'he ascended' mean except that he also descended to the lower, earthly regions? He who descended is the very one who ascended higher than all the heavens, in order to fill the whole universe.) It was he who gave some to be apostles, some to be prophets, some to be evangelists, and some to be pastors and teachers, to prepare God's people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ. Then we will no longer be infants, tossed back and forth by the waves, and blown here and there by every wind of teaching and by the cunning and craftiness of men in their deceitful scheming. Instead, speaking the truth in love, we will in all things grow up into him who is the Head, that is, Christ. From him the whole body, joined and held together by every supporting ligament, grows and builds itself up in love, as each part does its work."

    Christ is Eternal. He sits on the Throne of Heaven. He descended from His Throne to the "lower, earthly regions" two-thousand years ago to live, minister, die and rise from the dead. After that, Christ ascended "higher than all the heavens, in order to fill the whole universe." It was Christ Who gave gifts to men. Those gifts are the gifted individuals we know as apostles, prophets, evangelists, and pastors and teachers. The reason He did that was to bring Unity out of chaos and Purpose to hopelessness. Christ gave the world people who had spiritual gifts that would change the direction of people's lives from bad to good, from evil to righteousness. Those gifted people would prepare God's people for their works of service so that the Body of Christ would be built up until everyone reached Unity in the Faith. Those gifted people exist to help us mature and become like Christ. Those gifted people are to speak the Truth in Love, knowing that's what helps us grow up into Christ who is the Head of us all. Those gifted people are the supporting ligaments to join and hold together members of the Body of Christ as they grow and build up each other in love, as each part does its work.

    Paul quoted from Psalm 68:18 when he wrote: "When he ascended on high, he led captives in his train and gave gifts to men." Psalm 68 was Israel's song of victory and triumph. It's a tribute to God. It reminded Israel about how God lead them through the desert, how He defeated their enemies, how He chose Mt. Zion to be His home on earth, how He saved Israel and crushed their enemies, how great was the procession of God into His sanctuary, and how God will use His Strength to subdue His enemies. Psalm 68 is one of the most powerful and wonderful of David's songs.

    Psalm 68 is about the procession of God's Ark of the Covenant as Israel took it through the desert and the land of promise up to its special place on high. The Ark was where God dwelled on earth. The Lord Almighty was "enthroned between the cherubim that are on the ark." (Read 2 Samuel 6 for more insight.) Israel did not move until the Ark moved. The God of the Ark was Israel's Power and Glory. He was their Victory. It's interesting to note that God's Name, Elohim, is used 23 times in Psalm 68. One commentator wrote that "this Psalm among all the Elohimic Psalms is the most resplendent."

    Psalm 68:18 is about when Israel took the Ark of God to its resting place high on Mt. Zion. It was then that God gave Israel the great gifts they would experience during the reigns of David and Solomon. God took many captives as Israel triumphed during their journey from desert to Mt. Zion. Those captives would benefit from God's gifts to the people of Israel. In the same way, Christ has taken many people captive through His conquering Love and Grace.

    C.H. Spurgeon said it well many years ago:

    "A multitude of the sons of men are the willing captives of Messiah's power. As great conquerors of old led whole nations into captivity, so Jesus leads forth from the territory of his foe a vast company of the trophies of his mighty grace. From the gracious character of his reign it comes to pass that to be led into captitvity by him is for our captivity to cease, or to be itself led captive; a glorious result indeed."

    C.H. Spurgeon, "The Treasury of David," Volume 2a, Zondervan Publishing, 1966

    Paul's choice of that Psalm and that verse are strategic. Jesus Christ is God. He came to earth in a human body in the same way God came to earth in the Ark. Both went up from the desert to Mr. Zion conquering enemies and taking captives as they went. They both descended and ascended higher than all the heavens to fill the whole universe. Christ is our Ark. He is our Life. He is our Salvation. We are His captives. We are those to whom He gave gifts.


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"Scripture taken from the HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Bible Publishers."


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